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PICO is a framework for structuring a well-defined research or review question by specifying the Population of interest, the Intervention under consideration, the Comparator against which it is assessed, and the Outcomes to be measured, sometimes extended to include study design or timeframe. Framing a question in this way brings clarity and focus, ensuring that all the elements needed to search for and select evidence are made explicit. It directly informs the eligibility criteria and search strategy of a systematic review and the scope of an HTA, and it helps align a study or submission with the specific decision it is intended to support. A clearly articulated PICO is the foundation of a rigorous and answerable evidence question.

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Health Economics and Outcomes Research (HEOR)

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